What Is Anal or Rectal Prolapse?
Anal prolapse refers to the protrusion of the anal mucosa through the anus, while rectal prolapse involves the invagination of one or more layers of the rectal wall through the anal opening. Anal or rectal prolapse can affect pets regardless of age, sex, or breed.
Symptoms and Risk Factors of Anal or Rectal Prolapse in Pets
Common clinical signs include:
- Straining to defecate (dyschezia)
- Persistent diarrhea
- Presence of a bright red mass protruding from the anus
Contributing risk factors include:
- Intestinal parasites
- Chronic constipation
- Rectal foreign bodies
- Urogenital disorders, such as cystitis or prostate conditions
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a thorough clinical examination and complementary tests depending on the animal’s condition:
- Fecal analysis: to detect intestinal parasites
- Abdominal and pelvic X-rays: recommended if a foreign body, prostate issue, or bladder stones are suspected
Treatment of Anal or Rectal Prolapse in Pets
Treatment aims to correct the underlying cause and address the prolapse itself.
Mild cases:
- Application of dextrose and lubricant to reduce the prolapse
Moderate to severe cases:
- Placement of a purse-string suture around the anus to reposition the anal or rectal mucosa
- The suture is typically removed 5 to 7 days after placement
Follow-Up and Recovery
- Administration of lactulose to soften stools for 2 to 3 weeks after suture removal
- Feeding a low-residue diet until sutures are removed
- A follow-up veterinary exam is recommended to ensure proper healing
Prompt and appropriate treatment improves comfort and helps prevent complications.
