Rabbit hemorrhagic disease prevention is a critical topic for rabbit owners. This highly contagious illness, caused by a calicivirus, leads to sudden high mortality rates among domestic and wild rabbits. The RHDV-2 strain, in particular, affects even young rabbits. First detected in Quebec during the summer of 2023, the disease has made prevention efforts more important than ever.

How is rabbit hemorrhagic disease transmitted?

The virus spreads mainly through direct contact with infected rabbits. However, contaminated objects like cages, bedding, food dishes, and clothing can also transmit the disease. Insects—especially mosquitoes—can carry the virus as well, meaning that indoor rabbits are not fully protected.

Symptoms of rabbit hemorrhagic disease

Symptoms vary depending on the strain and speed of progression:

• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Labored breathing
• Convulsions
• Bleeding from the eyes or nose
• Sudden death with little or no warning

In severe cases, the mortality rate can reach nearly 100%.

Vaccination: The most effective prevention

Protection becomes effective within 7 days of vaccination. Side effects are minimal, such as a slight fever, small lump at the injection site, or occasional mild digestive slowdown.

Additional preventive measures

Alongside vaccination, follow these guidelines:

• Clean and disinfect cages, dishes, and accessories regularly
• Wash your hands after handling rabbits
• Isolate new rabbits for 30 days before introducing them to others
• Use mosquito screens or rabbit-safe repellents to reduce insect exposure

Conclusion

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease is a serious but preventable condition. With proper vaccination and strict hygiene protocols, you can protect your rabbit and reduce the risk of transmission. For more information or to schedule a vaccination, contact your exotic animal veterinarian today.