A common but serious urinary condition
Struvite crystals in cats and dogs can cause urinary irritation, pain, and potentially life-threatening urethral blockages—especially in male pets. Struvite crystals in cats and dogs form when the urine becomes too alkaline, often due to poor hydration, diet, or urinary infections.
Symptoms to watch for
- Frequent urination in small amounts
- Pain during urination, often with vocalization
- Bloody or cloudy urine
- Excessive licking of the genital area
- In cases of blockage: no urination, vomiting, lethargy, and refusal to eat
🚨 A urinary blockage is a veterinary emergency. Without treatment, it can be fatal within 24–48 hours.
What causes struvite crystals?
- Alkaline urine (pH > 7)
- Poor-quality diet or inappropriate food
- Inadequate water intake
- Urinary tract infections (more common in dogs)
Diagnosing and evaluating the condition
To confirm struvites and rule out other issues, your vet may perform:
- Urinalysis to check pH, presence of crystals, or infection
- X-rays to detect visible stones
- Ultrasound to visualize the bladder and urinary tract
Treatment plan
- Prescription diet to acidify the urine and dissolve the crystals
- Takes 3 to 6 weeks for results
- Offer wet food to boost hydration
- Dry food can be reintroduced after a month if monitored
- Follow-up testing
- Repeat urinalysis after 4 to 6 weeks
- Adjust diet or treatment based on crystal presence and pH
- 🚫 Avoid generic supermarket food—it may worsen the condition
- Medications
- Antibiotics for infections
- Pain relievers and anti-inflammatories
- Muscle relaxants if straining or tension is present
Long-term prevention
- Regular urinalysis to monitor pH and detect early recurrence
- Maintain a slightly acidic urine pH (your vet will advise)
- Encourage hydration with wet food or a pet water fountain
- Ensure access to clean water at all times
