Lungworm in dogs, scientifically known as Crenosoma vulpis, is a parasite mainly found in fox bronchi but can also infect dogs. These parasites range from 3.5 mm to 16 mm in length.
Clinical Signs of Lungworm
Dogs infected with lungworm typically experience bronchitis, leading to persistent coughing and sometimes nausea. It’s crucial to recognize these symptoms quickly to prevent disease progression. If unsure, consult your veterinarian.
How Do Dogs Contract Lungworm?
Dogs primarily become infected by ingesting snails or coming into contact with objects or fluids contaminated by snail mucus. Infection commonly occurs when dogs accidentally consume infected snails during outdoor exploration.
Parasite Life Cycle: From Snail to Dog
After a dog ingests a contaminated snail, lungworm larvae travel through its digestive system, pass through the liver, and enter the bloodstream. They then migrate to the lungs and heart, where they mature. Once adult, these worms lay eggs in the dog’s bronchioles, perpetuating the cycle when larvae are expelled in the dog’s feces and ingested by other snails.
The entire cycle takes approximately 19 days, from initial larval ingestion to adult worm maturation. Thus, preventing your dog from ingesting snails or accessing snail-infested areas is vital.
Can Humans Contract Lungworm?
Fortunately, Crenosoma vulpis poses no risk to humans. Although it infects dogs, this parasite specifically targets animals like foxes and dogs.
Diagnosis: Identifying Lungworm Infection
A lungworm infection is confirmed by identifying larvae in the dog’s feces. These larvae have a distinctive conical head and pointed tail, helping veterinarians diagnose the infection. If the dog passes away, adult worms may also be seen in the bronchi during a necropsy.
Treating Lungworm in Dogs
Effective and safe medications, available by prescription, can eliminate the parasite, providing relief for your dog and preventing further spread to other animals.
Preventing Lungworm Infection
The best prevention is limiting your dog’s exposure to snails. Keep your dog leashed during walks and secure your yard with fencing to prevent access to infested areas. Standard antiparasitic treatments do not protect against lungworm, so increased vigilance is necessary.
