An ear hematoma in dogs and cats is a buildup of blood between the ear flap cartilages, typically resulting from ruptured small blood vessels. This condition is often caused by intense scratching or frequent head shaking. Breeds with floppy ears, such as the Cocker Spaniel, are particularly at risk. The most common underlying cause is external ear infection (otitis externa), but allergies and skin conditions may also contribute.
Diagnosing an Ear Hematoma
Diagnosis is based on clinical history and physical examination:
- Frequent head shaking
- Scratching of the ears
- Swelling of the ear flap (pinna)
It is essential to differentiate a hematoma from other conditions (abscesses, tumors) using:
- Fine needle aspiration to analyze the fluid
- Otoscope examination to assess the ear canal and eardrum
- Bacterial culture if a secondary infection is suspected
- Additional tests (thyroid function, hypoallergenic diet) if needed
Treating an Ear Hematoma in Dogs and Cats
Treating the underlying otitis externa is key to reducing recurrence:
- Cortisone: to reduce inflammation and itching
- Antibiotics: for secondary infections
Hematoma management involves:
- Prompt drainage to avoid complications
- Drainage techniques:
- Negative-pressure drain or cannula for continuous fluid removal
- Compression bandage to protect the ear and promote tissue adherence
- Simple aspiration with local cortisone injection (less effective if done alone)
Possible Complications
- Recurrence if the primary cause is not addressed
- Ear deformity due to improper healing, often linked to delayed treatment
Conclusion
Auricular hematomas require timely intervention to relieve pain and avoid long-term cosmetic issues. Contact your veterinarian if you notice swelling or discomfort. Early treatment ensures your pet’s comfort and well-being.
